[9] Press[edit] The most important Georgian cultural magazine in Turkey also bears the name Çveneburi. It was founded in 1977 in Stockholm, Sweden by Shalva Tevzadze. It is distributed in Turkey by Ahmet Özkan Melashvili, who also wrote the book Gürcüstan (Georgia) in 1968. In 1980, Özkan was assassinated in Bursa by the Grey Wolves. [10] Since then, Fahrettin Çiloğlu has been in charge of the magazine.
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Between 1997 and 2006, Osman Nuri Mercan was the editor of the magazine. The magazine's content is almost completely in Turkish, and presents articles on Chveneburi Georgians, the history of Georgia, and Georgians worldwide. Another journal, Pirosmani, bilingual in Georgian and Turkish, is published in Istanbul, sponsored by the Georgian Catholic Simon Zazadze. See also[edit] Georgia–Turkey relations Islam in Georgia Adjarians Pontic Greeks Hamshenis Iranian Georgians References[edit] ^ The Other Languages of Europe: Demographic, Sociolinguistic, and Educational Perspectives, p. 420, at Google Books ^ Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook, p.
Georgians in Turkey - WikipediaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Georgians in TurkeyTürkiye'deki GürcülerTotal population91, 000–1, 500, 000[1][2][3]Regions with significant populationsBlack Sea Region, Marmara Region, Eastern Anatolia RegionLanguagesTurkish, GeorgianReligionPredominantly Sunni IslamRelated ethnic groupsLaz people Georgians in Turkey (Georgian: ქართველები თურქეთში, romanized: kartvelebi turketshi) refers to citizens and denizens of Turkey who are, or descend from, ethnic Georgians.
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7%), Ordu (0. 9%) and Kocaeli (0. 8%). Georgians live scattered throughout Turkey, although they are primarily concentrated in two major regions:[5] The Black Sea coast, in the provinces of Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Sinop, Amasya, and Tokat. Chveneburi Georgians (particularly in Fatsa, Ünye, Ordu, Terme, and Çarşamba) largely preserve their language and traditions.
This last wave also involved Turkish-speaking Muslims from Upper Adjara. Adjarians were also known by their places of origin, such as Batumlular for people from Batumi or Çürüksulular for people from Kobuleti. Ali Pasha of Çürüksu (front row, middle) and Ottoman Georgians during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78). At the end of the war, the re-settlement of Ottoman Georgians in Fatsa was supervised by Ali Pasha.
Chveneburi Georgians had arrived in Turkey in three waves of migration due to pogroms by the Russian Empire, in what is now called the Circassian genocide. The first wave was during and after the 1828-1829 Russo-Turkish War, when the Sublime Porte consigned its sovereignty over several parts of Georgia to the Russian Empire. Minor waves of immigration followed until the end of the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War, when the Ottoman Empire allowed Chveneburis to immigrate. This wave of immigration involved at least 500, 000 people from historic Georgian regions that had considerable Muslim populations, such as Batumi and Kars. [8] As a result, many Muslim-majority regions of Georgia were left virtually depopulated. The last sizable wave of immigration was in 1921, when Turkey finally gave up its claims on Adjara in the Treaty of Kars with the Soviet republics.
Reflecting some internal differentiation persisting in Turkey's Georgian community, the Imerkhevians claim a different origin from the Georgians in the Borçka area, who have adopted an inclusive Adjar identity. The Imerkhevians are Sunni Muslims, closely integrated with the Turkish society. Almost all are bilingual in Georgian and Turkish. Chveneburi[edit] Chveneburi (Georgian: ჩვენებური, çveneburi), meaning "of us" in Georgian, is an endonym of Georgian-descended Muslim immigrants who had settled in non-Georgian majority regions of Turkey, thus, "of us" signifies a triple distinction from Christian Georgians, Muslim Turks, and autochthonous Muslim Georgians from Artvin. As with most Turkish citizens, most Chveneburi subscribe to the Hanafi madh'hab of Sunni Islam.
Numbers and distribution[edit] Georgian-speaking population in Turkey[4] Year As first language As second language Total Turkey's population% of Total speakers 1935 57, 325 16, 255 73, 580 16, 157, 450 0. 46 1945 40, 076 9, 337 49, 413 18, 790, 174 0. 26 1950 72, 604 0 20, 947, 188 0. 35 1955 51, 983 24, 720 76, 703 24, 064, 763 0. 32 1960 32, 944 54, 941 87, 885 27, 754, 820 1965 34, 330 44, 934 79, 234 31, 391, 421 0. 25 In the census of 1965, those who spoke Georgian as first language were proportionally most numerous in Artvin (3.
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